Foot rot or quick wilt caused mainly by Phytophthora capsici and slow decline caused by nematodes, mealy bug and other soil-borne fungi fungi are main factors causing the degradation of pepper gardens. In many pepper orchards, these two diseases brought about slow growth and death of pepper vines, in some cases 100% pepper vines died off. Good drainage in the rainy season, water-saving irrigation including drip irrigation and under-shade sprinkler minimise the spread and contamination of diseases, and significantly reduce the incidence and yield loss of pepper gardens. However, there are no evidence about the effectiveness of the drainage on the population of nematodes in soils and pepper roots.
Liming and treatment of soils before planting with some chemicals, such as Bordeaux mixture, Hexaconazol, Mancozeb, Fosetyl Aluminium, Methidathion, Ethroprophos and Copper Hydroxide, are effective practices for the management of foot rot and slow decline. Mulching and planting of cover crops, such as Arachid pintoi and Stylosanthes sp., do not reduce the population of destructive micro-organims but these measures help to improve soil nutrients and regulate soil humidity, hence improve plant health.
Timely application of manure and micro-nutrients with micro-organism products, namely Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus sp. help to limit the development of foot rot and slow decline in black pepper.
The integrated crop management of black pepper is considered the best practice in limiting the outbreak of soil-born diseases of black pepper, this procedure help to keep a stable yield of black pepper gardens and contribute to a sustainable development of black pepper.
Best Pepper Farmers | |||
Year | Winner | Country | Distributed at |
2010 | Mr. Nguyen van Queo | Viet Nam | 39th Session – 2011 |
Export of Value Added Pepper Products | |||
Year | Winner | Country | Distributed at |
2010 | SA Rawther Spices Pvt. Ltd. | India | 39th Session – 2011 |
2010 | EOAS Organics Pvt. Ltd. | Sri Lanka | 39th Session – 2011 |
2010 | Phuc Sinh Corp. | Viet Nam | 39th Session – 2011 |
Innovative Pepper Products Manufacturer | |||
Year | Winner | Country | Distributed at |
2010 | Synthite Industries Ltd. | India | 39th Session – 2011 |
2010 | EOAS Organic Pvt. Ltd. | Sri Lanka | 39th Session – 2011 |
2010 | Intimex Group JSC | Viet Nam | 39th Session – 2011 |